Kugelhahn, Edelstahl, einteilig, Serie 40, 1/2 Zoll Swagelok Rohrverschraubung, Cv 12, ohne Schmiermittel, SC-11 gereinigt |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Technische Daten
2-Wege, gerade AusführungDer einteilige Instrumentierungskugelhahn der Serie 40 hat beinahe 40 Jahre lang in verschiedenen Branchen zuverlässige Leistungen erbracht. Swagelok hat die Kugelhahnkonstruktion modifiziert und ein innovatives Montageverfahren entwickelt. Das Resultat ist der neue Kugelhahn der Serie 40G, der einen erweiterten Temperatureinsatzbereich und bessere Wärmezyklusfähigkeiten hat, sowie weniger anfällig für Leckagen ist. Einloggen oder anmelden, um den Preis anzuzeigen КонтактЕсли у вас есть вопросы об этом изделии, обратитесь в местный авторизованный центр продаж и сервисного обслуживания. Его сотрудники также могут рассказать вам о сопутствующих услугах, которые помогут вам обеспечить максимальную окупаемость инвестиций.
Подбор изделий с учетом требований безопасности:
Для того чтобы проектировщик системы и пользователь могли гарантированно выполнить подбор изделий с учетом требований безопасности, необходимо принять в рассмотрение дизайн системы и полный каталог продукции. При выборе изделий следует принимать во внимание всю систему в целом, чтобы обеспечить ее безопасную и бесперебойную работу. Соблюдение назначения устройств, совместимости материалов, надлежащих рабочих параметров, правильный монтаж, эксплуатация и обслуживание являются обязанностями проектировщика системы и пользователя. Warnung: Swagelok-Produkte oder -Bauteile, die nicht den industriellen Entwicklungsnormen entsprechen, einschließlich Swagelok Rohrverschraubungen und Endanschlüsse nicht durch die anderer Hersteller austauschen oder mit den Produkten oder Bauteilen anderer Hersteller vermischen. |
Для того чтобы проектировщик системы и пользователь могли гарантированно выполнить подбор изделий с учетом требований безопасности, необходимо принять в рассмотрение дизайн системы и полный каталог продукции. При выборе изделий следует принимать во внимание всю систему в целом, чтобы обеспечить ее безопасную и бесперебойную работу. Соблюдение назначения устройств, совместимости материалов, надлежащих рабочих параметров, правильный монтаж, эксплуатация и обслуживание являются обязанностями проектировщика системы и пользователя.
Warnung: Swagelok-Produkte oder -Bauteile, die nicht den industriellen Entwicklungsnormen entsprechen, einschließlich Swagelok Rohrverschraubungen und Endanschlüsse nicht durch die anderer Hersteller austauschen oder mit den Produkten oder Bauteilen anderer Hersteller vermischen.
Kugelhahn, Edelstahl, einteilig, Serie 40, 1/2 Zoll Swagelok Rohrverschraubung, Cv 12, ohne Schmiermittel, SC-11 gereinigt
Einloggen oder anmelden, um den Preis anzuzeigen
Kataloge
2-Wege, gerade Ausführung
Der einteilige Instrumentierungskugelhahn der Serie 40 hat beinahe 40 Jahre lang in verschiedenen Branchen zuverlässige Leistungen erbracht. Swagelok hat die Kugelhahnkonstruktion modifiziert und ein innovatives Montageverfahren entwickelt. Das Resultat ist der neue Kugelhahn der Serie 40G, der einen erweiterten Temperatureinsatzbereich und bessere Wärmezyklusfähigkeiten hat, sowie weniger anfällig für Leckagen ist.
Features: On-off, switching, and crossover flow paths; Working pressures up to 3000 psig (206 bar); Temperatures from –65 to 300°F (–53 to 148°C); Environmental and heated-process applications; 1/16 to 3/4 in. and 3 to 12 mm end connections
Features: Swagelok® electric actuators can be used to control the position of many Swagelok ball valves; alternating- and direct-current models are available. An electrical signal is used to change valve position from remote locations. Integral limit switches provide an output signal of the valve position, even between positions.
Note orientation of the directional handle. Bar handle must be installed pointing in the same direction as the removed handle; Loosen set screw; Remove current handle. Also remove the handle stop insert when applicable.
40 series ball valve (standard) packing adjustment instructions, multilingual
If the valve handle is removed, please note its orientation; When reinstalled, the handle must be in the same orientation.
Features: Limits access to manually actuated valves;Lockout accessory enables compliance with OSHA Lockout/Tagout, Standard 29 CFR Part 1910.147, Control of Hazardous Energy Bright safety orange color promotes high visibility. Other colors are available.
This document contains instructions for replacing a standard valve handle with a latch/lock handle on the following 3-way ball valves:
Mounting Instructions for 40G Series, 40 Series, AFS Series, and SK Series Ball Valves to 140 Series Electric Actuators 130 / 150 Series Pneumatic Actuators 121 Series Pneumatic Actuators
Features: 40G, 40, 60, 83, H83, SK, and FKB Series Valves, AFS Ball Valves; Calculate valve operating torque; Choose actuators and related components; Select mounting bracket kits
Technische Daten
SS-45S8-1466 — Kugelhahn, Edelstahl, einteilig, Serie 40, 1/2 Zoll Swagelok Rohrverschraubung, Cv 12, ohne Schmiermittel, SC-11 gereinigt
Attribute | Wert |
---|---|
Kugel- / Spindelwerkstoff | Edelstahl |
Körperwerkstoff | Edelstahl 316 |
Reinigungsverfahren | Spezialreinigung und -verpackung (SC-11) |
Größe Verbindung 1 | 1/2 Zoll |
Typ Verbindung 1 | Swagelok® Rohrverschraubung |
Größe Verbindung 2 | 1/2 Zoll |
Typ Verbindung 2 | Swagelok® Rohrverschraubung |
Maximaler Cv | 12 |
Fließweg | Standard |
Ventilkörper | 2-Wege, Absperr, Gerade |
Grifffarbe | Schwarz |
Griffart | Hebel |
Niedrigemission-zertifiziert | Ja |
Schmierstoff | Ohne Schmiermittel |
Bohrung | 10,3 mm /0,406 Zoll |
Packungswerkstoff | PTFE |
Ring-/Scheibenmaterial | PTFE-beschichteter Edelstahl |
Raumtemperatur-Druckeinsatzbereich | 13,7 BAR bei 37°C /200 PSIG bei 100°F |
Service-Klasse | Allgemeines |
Prüfung | Prüfung nach WS-22 |
eClass (4.1) | 37010401 |
eClass (5.1.4) | 37010401 |
eClass (6.0) | 37010401 |
eClass (6.1) | 37010401 |
UNSPSC (4.03) | 40141607 |
UNSPSC (10.0) | 40141607 |
UNSPSC (11.0501) | 40141607 |
UNSPSC (13.0601) | 40141607 |
UNSPSC (15.1) | 40141607 |
UNSPSC (17.1001) | 40183103 |
Ressourcen
Zeichnungen
Für dieses Produkt sind zweidimensionale Darstellungen verfügbar. Die CAD-Datei herunterladen.
Für dieses Produkt sind dreidimensionale Darstellungen verfügbar. Die CAD-Datei herunterladen.
Verkaufszeichnungen sind für dieses Produkt erhältlich. Die Dateien herunterladen.
Ähnliche Produkte
Art.-Nr.
|
Körperwerkstoff
|
Größe Verbindung 1
|
Typ Verbindung 1
|
Größe Verbindung 2
|
Typ Verbindung 2
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B-41S2 | Brass | 1/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-42F2 | Brass | 1/8 in. | Female NPT | 1/8 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
B-42S4 | Brass | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-42S6MM | Brass | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43F4 | Brass | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43F4RT | Brass | 1/4 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | 1/4 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43S4 | Brass | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43S4-SC11 | Brass | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43S6 | Brass | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43S6MM | Brass | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-43VF4 | Brass | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
B-44F4 | Brass | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
B-44F6 | Brass | 3/8 in. | Female NPT | 3/8 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
B-44S10MM | Brass | 10 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 10 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-44S6 | Brass | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-44S6-K | Brass | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-45F8 | Brass | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
B-45S12 | Brass | 3/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
B-45S8 | Brass | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
HC-43S4 | Alloy C-276 | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
M-43S4 | Alloy 400 | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-41GS1 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/16 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/16 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-41GS2 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-41GS2-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-41GS3MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 3 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GES4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GF2 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Female NPT | 1/8 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS4-12457 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS4-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS4-31C | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS4-LH | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS4-SC11 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS6MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS6MM-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GS6MM-SC11 | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-42GVCR4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Face Seal (Metal Gasket) Male VCR | 1/4 in. | Face Seal (Metal Gasket) Male VCR | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GF2 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Female NPT | 1/8 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GF4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GF4RT | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | 1/4 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GM4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Male NPT | 1/4 in. | Male NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GM4-F4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Male NPT | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GM4-S4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Male NPT | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS10MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 10 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 10 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS12MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 12 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 12 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-12457 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-31C | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-A15C3 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-K | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-LL | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS4-SC11 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6-K | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6-LL | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6MM-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6MM-31C | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6MM-SC11 | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6MM-SHD | 316 Stainless Steel | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 6 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS6-SC11 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS8-LL | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GS8MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 8 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 8 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GVCO4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Male VCO | 1/4 in. | Male VCO | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GVCR4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Face Seal (Metal Gasket) Male VCR | 1/4 in. | Face Seal (Metal Gasket) Male VCR | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43GVS4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43YFS2 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Female Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/8 in. | Female Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43YFS2-049 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Female Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/8 in. | Female Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-43ZFS2 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/8 in. | Female Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/8 in. | Female Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44F4 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | 1/4 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44F6 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Female NPT | 3/8 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44F6RT | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | 3/8 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44S10MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 10 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 10 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44S6 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44S6-1466 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44S6-LLC | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44TS6 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/8 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-44VCR8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | VCR® Metal Gasket Face Seal Fitting | 1/2 in. | Face Seal (Metal Gasket) W/male Nut | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45F8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45F8-LL | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45F8RT | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | 1/2 in. | Female ISO Tapered Thread | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S12 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S12MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 12 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 12 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S8-33C | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S8-LL | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S8-SC11 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45S8-SG | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45TF8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | 1/2 in. | Female NPT | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45TS12 | 316 Stainless Steel | 3/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 3/4 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45TS12MM | 316 Stainless Steel | 12 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 12 mm | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45TS8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45TS8-K | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | 1/2 in. | Swagelok® Tube Fitting | Produkt anzeigen |
SS-45VCR8 | 316 Stainless Steel | 1/2 in. | VCR® Metal Gasket Face Seal Fitting | 1/2 in. | Face Seal (Metal Gasket) W/male Nut | Produkt anzeigen |
Контакт
Если у вас есть вопросы об этом изделии, обратитесь в местный авторизованный центр продаж и сервисного обслуживания. Его сотрудники также могут рассказать вам о сопутствующих услугах, которые помогут вам обеспечить максимальную окупаемость инвестиций.